What is Microsoft In-Chip Microfluidic Cooling?

Microsoft's in-chip microfluidic cooling etches tiny coolant channels directly into or bonded onto the silicon of a chip, so liquid coolant flows through channels adjacent to the transistors themselves instead of only across a cold plate mounted on top of the finished package. Moving the coolant this close to the heat source removes heat more directly than conventional package-level cooling, which has to conduct heat through several material layers before reaching a cold plate or heat sink.