What is Knitted SMA Textile Actuators via Knitting Codes?

Knitted SMA textile actuators are fabric structures that integrate shape-memory alloy wire directly into a knitted pattern, so that heating the wire, typically by passing an electric current through it, causes the fabric to contract, bend, or curl. The specific knitting code, meaning the stitch pattern and loop structure used to lay in the wire, determines the direction and shape of the resulting motion, letting the same wire produce different mechanical actuation behaviors depending on how it is knitted.